PFT - PULMONARY FUNCTION TEST

A Pulmonary Function Test (PFT) is a set of non-invasive tests used to assess how well your lungs are working. This test measures lung capacity, airflow, and gas exchange, helping diagnose and monitor lung conditions.

Purpose of the PFT

PFTs are commonly used to:

• Diagnose respiratory conditions like asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), pulmonary fibrosis, and other lung diseases.
• Monitor the progression of existing lung conditions.
• Evaluate lung function before surgery.
• Assess the effectiveness of ongoing treatment for lung diseases.

Types of Pulmonary Function Tests

The main tests often included in a PFT are:

1. Spirometry: Measures the amount of air you can inhale and exhale, and how quickly you can exhale. This test is essential for diagnosing asthma and COPD.
2. Lung Volume Measurement: Determines the total amount of air your lungs can hold. This is often done using body plethysmography, where you sit in a sealed chamber and breathe into a mouthpiece.
3. Diffusion Capacity Test: Assesses how well oxygen moves from your lungs into your blood by measuring how much carbon monoxide is absorbed in one breath.

How the PFT Works

During each test:

1. Breathing Through a Mouthpiece: You’ll wear a nose clip and breathe in and out through a mouthpiece connected to a machine that records your lung function.
2. Following Instructions: A technician will guide you to breathe in specific patterns – deeply, quickly, or forcefully – to gather different measurements.
3. Resting Between Tests: You may be given breaks between tests to avoid becoming too tired, as some parts of the test can be physically demanding.

What to Expect

• Duration: The entire PFT session typically lasts about 30-60 minutes.
• Discomfort: The test is generally painless, though some people may feel breathless or lightheaded due to the deep breathing.

Preparation for the PFT

• Avoid Smoking: Refrain from smoking for several hours before the test.
• Medications: You may be advised to skip certain respiratory medications before the test, depending on your doctor's instructions.
• Clothing: Wear loose, comfortable clothing to allow for easy breathing.

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